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【阅读理解HonestyisthebestpolicyastheEnglishsayinggoes.UnfortunatelyhonestyoftenleavesuswhennooneiswatchingBritishpsychologistsreportedlastweek.ResearchersatUK】
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更新时间:2024-04-27 01:57:07
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HonestyisthebestpolicyastheEnglishsayinggoes.UnfortunatelyhonestyoftenleavesuswhennooneiswatchingBritishpsychologistsreportedlastweek.

ResearchersatUK'sNewcastleUniversitysetupanexperimentintheirpsychologydepartment'scoffeeroom.

Theysetakettlewithteacoffeeandmilkonthecounterandhungupasignlistingthepricefordrinks.Peoplehelpingthemselvestoacupofteaweresupposedtoputafewcentsintheboxnearby.

Thescientistshungaposterabovethemoneyboxandchangedeachweekbetweenpicturesofgazing(注视的)eyesandpicturesofflowers.Theresearchersfoundthatstaffpaid2.76timesmorefortheirdrinkswhentheimageoftheeyeswashung.

“Wewereshockedbythesizeoftheeffect”saidGilbertRobertsoneoftheresearchers.

Eyesareknowntobeapowerfulperceptual(知觉的)signalforhumansscientistssay.

“Eventhoughtheeyeswerenotrealtheystillseemedtomakepeoplebehavemorehonestly”saidMelissaBatesonabehavioralbiologistandleaderofthestudy.

Researchersbelievetheeffectthrowslightonourevolutionary(进化的)past.Itmayarisefrombehavioralcharacteristicsthatdevelopedwhenearlyhumansformedsocialgroupstostrengthentheirchancesofsurvival.Forsocialgroupstoworkindividualshadtoco-operateratherthanactselfishly.“There'sanargumentthatifnobodyiswatchingusitisinourintereststobehaveselfishly.Butwhenwe'rebeingwatchedweshouldbehavebetter.Sopeopleseeusasco-operativeandbehavethesamewaytowardsus”Batesonsaid.

Thenewfindingindicatesthatpeoplehaveastrikingresponsetoeyes.ThatmightbebecauseeyesandfacessendastrongbiologicalsignalwehaveevolvedtorespondtoBatesonsaid.

Thefindingcouldbeputtopracticaluse.Forexampleimagesofeyescouldensureticketsalesonpublictransportandimprovesurveillance(监视)systemstodeterantisocial(反社会)behaviour.

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  答案:1.D;2.B;3.B;
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