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Acomputersystemincludesbothhardwareandsoftware.Hardwareconsistsof(由...组成)thephysicalcomponentsandallassociated(相关的)equipmentintegratedcircuits,printedcircuit(电路)boards,cables,powersupplies,memory,andterminals,ratherthanabstractideasorinstructions(指令).Youcanseethem,touchthem,andfeelthem.Thebasicorganizationofacomputerhardwaresystemconsistsofaninputdevice,anoutputdevice,memory,andaCentralProcessingUnit.
Software,incontrast,cannotbeseen,touchedorfelt.Itisaseriesofinstructionsthatguideacomputerthroughsomeprocess.Softwareproductsmaybedivideintofourbasictypes:applicationprograms,programminglanguageprocessors,operatingsystems,andsystemutilities
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