定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导,但须记住： 　　1.what不能引导定语从句. 　　2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分. 　　一.指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that.试分析： 　　Theoldmanwho/whom/thatwevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist. 　　MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing. 　　Themanwithwhommyfathershookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.（=Themanwho/whomthatmyfathershookhandswithjustnowisourheadmaster.）注： 　　A．指人时有时只用who不宜用that. 　　1．先行词为one、ones或anyone 　　（1）ThecomradeIwanttolearnfromistheonewhostudieshardandworkshard. 　　（2）Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished. 　　2．先行词为these时 　　ThesewhoaregoingtoBeijingarethebeststudentsofourschool. 　　3．在therebe开头的句子中 　　Thereisastudentwhowantstoseeyou. 　　4．一个句子中带有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that,另一个宜用who,以免重复. 　　Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshards. 　　5．在非限制性定语从句中 　　A.Imetafriendofmineinthestreet,whohadjustcomefromJapan. 　　B．主句以who开头的句子中,只用that,不用who. 　　二．指物的关系代词有which、whose(=ofwhich)、that.试分析： 　　1.Ilikethebookswhich/thatwerewrittenbyLuXun. 　　2.Thedesks(which/that)wemadelastyearwereverygood. 　　3.Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.(=Thisisthehousewhich/thatwelivedinlastyear.) 　　4.Iliveintheroomwhosewindowsfacesouth.(=Iliveintheroom,thewindowsofwhichfacesouth.) 　　注： 　　A.介词如果位于作为其宾语的关系代词之前时,只能用whom、which不能用who或that. 　　(1).Thegirlaboutwhomtheyweretalkingisourmonitor. 　　(2).ThebookinwhichtherearemanyinterestingthingswaswrittenbyLiMing. 　　B.部分短语动词中的介词不可与动词拆开,在定语从句中其介词不可前置,只能放在其动词之后. 　　Isthisthebookwhichsheislookingfor? 　　Theoldmanwho/whomtheyarewaitingforisProfessorLi. 　　Thechildwho/whomsheislookingafterisWangPing’sson. 　　C．指物时,下列情况下只能用that,不宜用which. 　　（1）先行词为不定代词,如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、theone等. 　　Wearewillingtodoanythingthatisgoodtothepeople. 　　Ihavetoldthemall(that)Iknow. 　　Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone. 　　（2）先行词是序数词或被序数词、修饰时. 　　ThefirstbookthatIreadlastnightwasanEnglishnovel. 　　（3）先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级修饰时. 　　ThisisoneofthemostinterestingfilmsthatIhaveeverseen. 　　Thisisthebestthatcanbedonenow. 　　（4）如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时(先行词既有人又有物),定语从句的关系代词用which和who都不合适,只能用that. 　　Weknownothingaboutthedoctorsandthehospitalsthatyouaretalkingabout. 　　Therearesheepandmenthatcanbeseenonthehill. 　　（5）如果先行词被theonly、thevery、thelast、thesame、any、few、little、no、all、oneof、just修饰时. 　　Thisistheonlybookthatcanbelenttoyou. 　　（6）当主句是以which开头的特殊问句时,关系代词只用that. 　　Whichisthedictionarythatheusedyesterday? 　　D．只物时,下列情况下只能用which,不宜用that. 　　（1）关系代词放在介词之后 　　Thisisthefactoryinwhichweonceworked. 　　（2）非限制性定语从句中 　　Thisisthebook,whichiswrittenbyLuXun. 　　（3）that,Those作主语时 　　ThosewhichareonthedeskareEnglishbooks. 　　E．先行词前有such、thesame、as时,关系代词用as,