中文版本:
爱迪生与电灯
世界闻名的“发明大王”爱迪生一生只上过三个月的小学,不耻下问的习惯被人们认为他是低能儿,而他的学问是靠母亲的教导和自修得来的.他的成功,大部分应该归功于母亲自小对他的谅解与耐心的教导.
1879年10月,在一次偶然的机会下,爱迪生的老朋友麦肯基来看望他.爱迪生望着麦肯基说话时一晃一晃的长胡须,突然眼睛一亮,说:“胡子,先生,我要用您的胡子.”麦肯基剪下一绺交给爱迪生.爱迪生满怀信心地挑选了几根粗胡子,进行炭化处理,然后装在灯泡里.可令人遗憾的是,试验结果也不理想.“那就用我的头发试试看,没准还行.”麦肯基说.这句话深深的触动了爱迪生,但他明白,头发与胡须性质一样,于是没有采纳老人的意见.爱迪生走身,准备为这位慈祥的老人送行.他下意思地帮老人拉平身上穿的棉线外套.突然,他又喊道:“棉线,为什么不试棉线呢?”
麦肯基毫不犹豫地解开外套,撕下一片棉线织成的布,递给爱迪生.爱迪生把棉线放在在U形密闭坩埚里,用高温处理.爱迪生用镊子夹住炭化棉线.准备将它装在灯泡内.可由于炭化棉线又细又脆,加上爱迪生过于紧张,拿镊子的手微微颤抖,因此棉线被夹断了.
最后,费了九牛二虎之力,爱迪生才把一根炭化棉线装进了灯泡.此时,夜幕正在降临,爱迪生的助手把灯泡里的空气抽走,并将灯泡安在灯座上,一切工作就绪,大家静静地等待着结果.接通电源,灯泡发出金黄色的光辉,把整个实验室照得通亮.13个月的艰苦奋斗,试用了6000多种材料,试验了7000多次,终于有了突破性的进展.
但是,这灯究竟会亮多久呢?1小时,2小时,3小时„„时间一分一秒的过去,这盏电灯足足亮了45小时,灯丝才被烧断.这是人类第一盏有实用价值的电灯.
爱迪生的一生是伟大的一生,不是因为他的着装华丽,而是因为他的成就卓越.电灯的发明知识他众多发明中的一点,但它带来的影响却是无可比拟.
翻译:
Edisonandthelamp
Theworldfamous"kingoftheinvention"ofEdison'slifehadonlythreemonthsofprimaryschool,habitofaskingquestionsisthepeoplethinkheisamoron,andhisknowledgeisonthemother'seducationandself-study.Hissuccess,largelyduetothemotherofhischild'sunderstandingandpatiencetoteach.
In1879October,inafortuitousopportunity,oldfriendMccannEdisontoseehim.Edisonlookedatespokeflashflashlongbeard,suddenlyabrighteyes,said:"thebeard,sir,Iwanttouseyourbeard."MccanncutalocktoEdison.Edisonconfidentlypickedupafewthickbeard,wascarbonized,andtheninstalledinabulb.Unfortunately,thetestresultsarenotideal."Thenmyhairhaveatry,maybe."Esaid.ThissentenceisdeeplytouchedEdison,butheknew,hairandbeardlikenature,sodidnotadopttheviewsoftheelderly.Edisonwalked,readyforthegoodoldmanoff.Hemeanttohelptheoldmanupwearingcottonjacket.Suddenly,hecried:"whynottrycotton,cotton?"
Mccannnothesitatetounbuttoninghisovercoat,toreoffapieceofcottonwovenfabric,toEdison.EdisonputthethreadintheUshapesealedcrucibles,byhightemperaturetreatment.Edisonforcepsclipscarbonizedcottonthread.Prepareitinabulb.Butbecauseofthecarbonizedcottonthreadandthinandbrittle,andEdisonwastoonervous,taketweezershandstrembled,socottonispinchedoff.
Finally,hadatremendouseffort,Edisonturnedacarbonizedcottonthreadintothebulb.Atthistime,nightwasfalling,Edisonaidesofthebulboftheair,andthebulbinthelampholder,allisready,wequietlywaitingfortheresults.Connectthepowersupply,lightingshiningingold,theentirelaboratoryilluminated.13monthsofworkhardandperseveringly,triedmorethan6000kindsofmaterials,test7000times,finallyabreakthrough.
However,thelampwillshinelast?1hours,2hours,3hoursneedtoneedasecondtimeinthepast,thislampfor45hoursbeforedawn,thefilamentisburnt.Thisisthefirstlamphasthepracticalvalueofthelamp.
Edison'slifeisagreatlife,notbecauseofhisflamboyant,butbecauseofhisoutstandingachievements.Theinventionoftheelectriclightalittleknowledgeofhisgreatinventions,butitsimpactisbroughtitthereisnothingcomparabletothis.