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【Overpopulationisoneoftheseriousproblemsthatthewholeworldisfacing.Manycountriesaretryingtohandleit.Amongthem,Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld'sgreatsuccessesatreducingpopulationgrowth-butmorebyaccidenttha】
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更新时间:2024-03-29 23:28:46
问题描述:

Overpopulation is one of the serious problems that the whole world is facing.Many

countries are trying to handle it.Among them,Brazil has become one of the developing world's great successes at reducing population growth-but more by accident than design.While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates,Brazil has had better result without really trying,says George Martine at Harvard.

Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951and 1960to 1.93% a year between 1981and 1990,and Brazilian women now have only 2.7children on average.Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990,an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.

Martine puts it down to,among other things,soap operas and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s.both played an important,although indirect,role in lowering the birth rate.Brazil is one of the world's biggest producers of soap operas.Globo,Brazil's most popular television network,shows three hours of soaps six nights a week,while three others show at least one hour a night.Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.

"Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction,they describe middle and upper class values-not many children,different attitudes towards sex,women working,"says Martine."They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values,which were put into a very attractive package."

Meanwhile,the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers."This led to an enormous change in consumption (消耗、消费) patterns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction."Says Martine.

68.According to the passage,Brazil has cut back its population growth___.

A.by educating its c

常玉连回答:
  BBCD   68 B 细节题.由第一段第三句"Amongthem,Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld'sgreatsuccessesatreducingpopulationgrowth-butmorebyaccidentthandesign"可知,巴西人口减少是偶然导致的,故正确答案为B.   69 B 细节题.由第一段最后一句"WhilecountriessuchasIndiahavemadejointeffortstoreducebirthrates,Brazilhashadbetterresultwithoutreallytrying,saysGeorgeMartineatHarvard",以及第二段最后一句"anachievementthatmakesittheenvyofmanyotherThirdWorldcountries."巴西成为第三世界国家嫉妒的对象,可知巴西成功了而其他第三世界国家没有,即很多其他第三世界国家还没有找到控制人口的有效的办法.故正确答案为B.   70 C 细节题.由第四段最后一句"TheysentthisimagetoallpartsofBrazilandmadepeopleconsciousofotherpatternsofbehaviorandothervalues,whichwereputintoaveryattractivepackage"可知,肥皂剧大多数描述的都是精英家庭,这种"精英家庭孩子很少"的印象已经深入人心,对他们很有影响力,故正确答案为C.   71 D 细节题.由最后一段最后一句"Thisledtoanenormouschangeinconsumption(消耗、消费)patternsandconsumptionwasincompatible(不相容的)withunlimitedreproduction"可知,消费观念的改变对人们的生育问题有很大影响,故正确答案为D.
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